In a 1981 the experts of the Moscow design institute were attracted for detailing the general plan of a museum "Khokhlovka". They have offered to allocate in structure of a museum three is territorial - ethnographic zones: "a sector of Komi-Perm ", " a sector North of the Perm area " and " a sector the South of the Perm area ", and two complexes: a complex of structures Ustye-Borovsk salt factory from cities Solikamsk (technological cell) and agricultural complex. In a basis of an exposition each from sectors it was necessary characteristic of that or other people, edges a typical settlement, and also objects connected to traditional occupations of the peoples: by agriculture, hunting, fishery, various crafts on processing a tree, stone, metal, clay, leather and other. The conducted researches have allowed the architects to develop some variants of accommodation of the future sectors and complexes on territory of a museum "Khokhlovka", which were considered on scientific - restoration council of association " Russian restoration " in Moscow. The unique architectural ensemble of industrial structures connected to an ancient craft of our edge - by production salts is placed almost with the river Kama, in the most picturesque natural angle of a museum. The history of production totals salts in the Perm area over five centuries. The first craft was based in the beginning 15th of century, and with 16th of century the Perm salt, or "permjanka", becomes known in many regions of Russian state. Solikamsk, Pyskor, Deduhin, Lenva, Usolie there were by main regions of production salts in the Perm region. All of construction of a salt complex are exported from cities Solikamsk with Ustye-Borovsk of salt factory, which was based in a 1882 by the businessman A. Rjazancev. It is interesting, that " salt - production Rjazancev " was closed recently, in January, 1972. All technological process of deriving salts is concentrated here. From pumping out of a salt solution from a slit before loading. A solution extorted from under ground. For this purpose constructed a slit, which drilling proceeded from 3 till 5 years. A pipe from pine log by a diameter of 62 centimeters inserted in ground. The solution was lifted on this pipe with the help of wooden buckets. With 17th centuries of steel to apply pumps. Above a slit built towers for rise of a salt solution. The sentry tower is the prototype of a tower for rise of a solution. The complex was exported from cities Solikamsk on the barge. The architects G. Kantorovoch, G. Katcko, T. Muksimov are the authors of the project of restoration. The salt complex includes some constructions: a 12-meter tower for rise of a solution, the salt barn - sump, in which on wooden pipes was independently poured a solution. A building for accumulation of a salt solution of weight more than 100 tones, are transported in a museum without disassembly under the offer of the Perm restorers. The solution from a Building for accumulation of a salt solution arrived in Saltern, inside which the furnace is located, and above it on circuits the pig-iron frying pan became stronger, on which from a salt solution deleted by heating water. Length of a salt barn makes 28 meters. The log cell, on which put barns, protected salt from dampness during flood of the river. Discussion and statement of the project of the general plan of development architectural - ethnographic of museum and plan of a detail lay-out " Sectors Komi-Perm ", - architects - restorers, developed by group, of institute "Specproektrestavracija" under a management E. Baranovsky was held in a 1984. According to the project, " a Sector Komi-Perm " the sector was placed with a source zone on a place of village Gora. 5-6 country manors, including manor of the rich peasant and log hut of the poor man, winter dwelling of the hunter and other objects, are included into it. The sector " North of the Perm area " with unique wooden structures, remarkable samples of residential architecture was placed above. In a basis of a structure of Russian settlement the building of village Janidor is accepted. The show of means of transport - boats, barges, carts, sledge, which were widely applied in facilities of northern peoples, is stipulated here. Nucleus of a sector " the South of the Perm area " make Bell-tower of village Syra, which tent is seen from apart, and the church of Virgin from village Tohtorevo (is constructed in a 1694), conquering by the beauty and refinement. Both monuments are exported from Suksun of region and are installed on the highest point of a peninsula. The manors and economic structures are placed round them. The country crafts and crafts will be represented in this part of a museum, culture and household activities not only Russian, but also tatar and other peoples will find a reflection here. |
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© 2000 The Joint project of Regional centre of protection of Historic and cultural monuments (ocop@perm.raid.ru ), of regional department of culture and art (culture@permreg.ac.ru), and of Perm regional Department of the All-Russia organization of protection of Historical and cultural monuments. It integrates web-sites, which are devoted to a historical and cultural heritage of the population of the Perm region.
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